The conflict has crossed a severe humanitarian threshold. Since 2 March 2026, at least 3,798 people have been killed and 11,781 injured, according to the latest publicly reported Ministry of Public Health figures (as of 15 June). The most recent sex- and age-disaggregated public dataset available shows 353 women/females and 247 children killed, with 992 children injured (UNICEF), an average of 12 children killed or maimed every day. More than 1.1 million people remain displaced, including large numbers of children, women, older persons, and persons with disabilities.

Despite a new US-mediated ceasefire announced on 3 June by Lebanon, Israel and the United States, the security environment remains highly fragile. Hezbollah rejected the ceasefire's terms, and hostilities continued, spurring new population movements and mounting humanitarian needs. On 15 June, the United States and Iran reached agreement on a Memorandum of Understanding, but UNICEF cautions that violence has not yet stopped. Between 17 April and 22 May alone, the Ministry of Public Health recorded 603 people killed and 1,774 injured under the cessation-of-hostilities framework (WHO), underscoring the gap between formal arrangements and the reality experienced by civilians.

Civilian infrastructure damage, security threats, displacement orders, and the destruction of roads and services continue to restrict humanitarian access. Capacity gaps remain most acute in South Lebanon, Nabatieh, Baalbek-Hermel, Bekaa, and displacement-affected areas of Beirut and Mount Lebanon. Since the escalation began, reported hostilities have reached 16,434 incidents, including 8,263 incidents recorded between 17 April and 21 May under the cessation framework. This reflects an approximate 101% increase compared with the pre-ceasefire period, underscoring the gap between the formal ceasefire arrangement and the situation experienced by civilians. While national authorities and the Lebanese Armed Forces continue efforts to repair damaged roads and restore access, humanitarian movement remains constrained and uneven.

Displacement conditions, collapse of the protection environment, and chronic lack of privacy continue to drive escalating GBV, exploitation, and trafficking risks for women and girls. Despite the ceasefire, significant barriers to safe and sustainable return persist, including housing destruction, UXO contamination, service gaps, and landlords in southern Lebanon reportedly demanding up to three months' rent in advance. Emerging patterns show families sending male members ahead to assess property damage while women, children, and the elderly remain in collective shelters, increasing exposure to exploitation and protection risks.  Attacks on healthcare since 2 March have resulted in 135 deaths and 394 injuries among health workers on duty, across 203 recorded attacks (WHO, as of 11 June), with attacks continuing under the ceasefire. The 1 June strike on Jabal Amel Hospital in Tyre killed four people and injured at least 127, including 39 hospital staff, causing severe damage to the emergency department and ICU. A further strike near Hiram Hospital in Tyre district on 11 June injured 10 staff members, at least the fifth reported incident affecting that hospital since 2 March. At least 9 journalists have been killed since 2 March in apparently targeted strikes.

As of 15 June, 131,200 people were hosted across 644 collective shelters nationwide, with limited and cautious returns beginning. Women and girls make up nearly 52% of the shelter population. The shelter population remains highly vulnerable, with children, older persons, and persons with disabilities living in sites that are often not adapted to their needs. Health system functionality also remains severely affected: three hospitals remain fully closed and 44 primary health care centres (PHCCs) are closed (WHO, as of 11 June), with further facilities damaged and pharmacies and pharmaceutical warehouses affected. Protection, GBV, CP, MHPSS, shelter, health, and WASH actors remain overstretched, while irregular population movements continue to disrupt structured interventions, referrals, and follow-up.