The conflict has reached a critical humanitarian threshold. 2,294 deaths — including 177 children and 274 women — and 7,544 injuries recorded since 2 March. Approximately 1,049,328 people (~20% of the Lebanese population) remain internally displaced, with mass displacement compounding pre-existing vulnerabilities across all groups. A US-brokered 10-day ceasefire entered into effect on 17 April, and was extended by a further three weeks on 23 April following a second round of direct Israel-Lebanon talks at the White House.

The destruction of civilian infrastructure — medical facilities, bridges, and road networks — combined with critical security threats has severely restricted humanitarian access. Capacity gaps remain most acute in South Lebanon, Nabatieh, Baalbek-Hermel, Bekaa, and the Southern Suburbs of Beirut. Despite the ceasefire, the Israeli Army continues to issue daily warnings against the return of displaced people to 74 localities across southern Lebanon, and Israeli troops remain in the south. On 8 April, Israeli forces struck over 100 targets across the country in under 10 minutes — killing 303 people and injuring 1,150 in a single day, prompting a national day of mourning. Since the ceasefire, the Lebanese Armed Forces have begun repairing damaged roads and bridges, but humanitarian access remains highly constrained.

Displacement conditions, collapse of the protection environment, and chronic lack of privacy continue to drive escalating GBV, exploitation, and trafficking risks for women and girls. Despite the ceasefire, significant barriers to safe and sustainable return persist — including housing destruction, UXO contamination, service gaps, and landlords in southern Lebanon reportedly demanding up to three months' rent in advance. Emerging patterns show families sending male members ahead to assess property damage while women, children, and the elderly remain in collective shelters — increasing exposure to exploitation and protection risks. WHO has recorded 147 attacks on healthcare since 2 March, resulting in 100 deaths and 233 injuries among health workers on duty, further devastating already overstretched protection and medical services.

As of 20 April, 117,421 people remain in 631 collective shelters — a 21% decrease since the ceasefire entered into effect, though Beirut has seen an increase as people from the southern suburbs move between their homes and shelters. Six hospitals have been forced to close and 15 damaged; 51 PHCCs closed and 7 damaged. A total of 8,171 hostility incidents have been recorded since 2 March. Protection, GBV, and CP actors remain critically overstretched — 125,344 displaced individuals have been reached with core protection services, but irregular movement patterns are disrupting structured interventions and access to MHPSS remains severely limited due to mobility constraints, ongoing service disruptions, and increased stigma.